Exceptionalities (Week 4)
1. Behavior
A learning disorder characterized by specific behavior problems over such a period of time, and to such a marked degree, and of such nature, as to adversely affect educational performance, and that may be accompanied by one or more the following:
• an inability to build or to maintain interpersonal relationships;
• excessive fears or anxiety;
• a tendency to compulsive reactions;
• an inability to learn that cannot be traced to intellectual, sensory, or other health factors or any combination thereof.
2. Communication
Autism
A severe learning disorder that is characterized by:
• disturbances in:
• rate of educational development;
• ability to relate to the environment;
• mobility;
• perception, speech, and language;
• a lack of representational symbolic behavior that precedes language.
Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing
An impairment characterized by deficits in language and speech development because of a diminished or non-existent auditory response to sound.
Language Impairment
A learning disorder characterized by an impairment in comprehension and/or the use of verbal communication or the written or other simple system of communication, which may be associated with neurological, psychological, physical, or sensory factors, and which may:
• involve one or more of the form, content, and function of language and communication; and • include one or more of:
• language delay;
• dysfluency;
• voice and articulation development, which may or may not be organizational or functionally based.
Speech impairment
Disorder in language formulation that may be associated with neurological, psychological, physical, or sensory factors; that involves perceptual motor aspects of transmitting oral messages; and that maybe characterized by impairment in articulation, rhythm, and stress.
Learning Disability
A learning disorder evident in both academic and social situations that involves one or more of the processes necessary for the proper use of spoken language or the symbols of communication, and that is characterized by condition that:
• is not primarily the results of:
• impairment of vision;
• impairment of hearings;
• physical disability
• developmental disability;
• primarily emotional disturbance;
• cultural difference;
• results in a significant discrepancy between academic achievement and assess intellectual ability, with deficits in one or more of the following:
• receptive language[listening, reading];
• language processing[Thinking, conceptualizing, integrating];
• expressive language[Talking, spelling, writing];
• mathematical computations; and
• May be associated with one or more conditions diagnosed as:
• a perceptual handicap;
• a brain injury;
• minimal brain dysfunction;
• dyslexia;
• developmental aphasia.
3. Intellectual
Giftedness
An unusually advanced degree of general intellectual ability that requires differentiated learning experiences of a depth and breath beyond those normally provided in the regular school program to satisfy the level of educational potential indicated.
Mild intellectual disability
A learning disorder characterized by:
• an ability to profit educationally within a regular class with the aid of considerable curriculum modifications and supportive service;
• an inability to profit educationally within a regular class because of slow intellectual development;
• A potential for academic learning, independent social adjustment, and economic self-support.
Developmental Disability
A severe learning disorder characterized by:
• an inability to profit from special education program for students with mild intellectual disabilities because of slow intellectual development;
• an ability to profit from special education programs designed to accommodate slow intellectual development;
• a limited potential for academic learning, independent social adjustment, and economic self-support.
4. Physical Physical Disability
A condition of such severe physical limitation or deficiency as to require special assistance in learning situations to provide the opportunity for educational achievement equivalent to that pupils without exceptionalities who are of the same age and developmental level.
Blind and Low Vision
A condition of partial or total impairment of sight or vision that even with correction affects educational performance adversely.
5. Multiple Multiple Exceptionalities
A combination of learning or other disorders, impairments, or physical disabilities that is of such a nature as to require, for educational achievement, the services of one or more teachers holding qualifications in special education and the provision of support services appropriate for such disorders, impairments, or disabilities.
